Single Beam Gantry Crane

 

A Single Beam Gantry Crane is a type of lifting equipment used in various industrial and outdoor applications for handling heavy loads. It features a single horizontal beam (girder) that is supported by two legs and runs on rails or wheels. The crane is typically used in construction sites, warehouses, shipyards, and factories for tasks such as loading, unloading, and transporting heavy materials.

A Single Beam Gantry Crane is equipped with a single girder, making it lighter and more cost-effective compared to double beam gantry cranes.Ideal for medium-duty lifting tasks.Constructed with high-strength steel, providing robust support for heavy loads.It is designed to withstand harsh outdoor environments and intensive use.

A Single Beam Gantry Crane can be customized to meet specific load capacity and span requirements.It is suitable for a variety of applications such as material handling in outdoor environments, container loading/unloading, and heavy equipment transportation.

In summary, a Single Beam Gantry Crane is an essential piece of equipment for industries requiring medium-duty lifting capacity in outdoor or semi-enclosed environments. Its combination of cost-effectiveness, reliability, and operational flexibility makes it a popular choice for a wide range of applications.

Core Components: Gearbox, Motor, Gear, Pump

Place of Origin: Henan, China

Warranty: 1 Year

Weight (KG): 86000 kg

Video outgoing-inspection: Provided

Machinery Test Report: Provided

Color: Requirement

Work Duty: A 5/A 6/ A 7

Power supply: Customerized

Crane feature: High Efficiency

Control method: Cabin

Lifting mechanism: Electric Trolley

Speed: VVVF VFD (Frequency Inverter)

Cart track type : 43 kg/m

 

1.Main beam

1) The box-type main beam is welded from steel plates, has high rigidity and load-bearing capacity, and is often used in cranes with larger spans. The I-beam main beam uses I-beam as the main material, has a simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for smaller spans and light lifting tasks.

2) The main beam is a single beam body that spans the legs on both sides. Lifting equipment such as electric hoists run under or on the side of the main beam through tracks, which is suitable for small and medium-sized lifting operations. A walking track is provided under or on the side of the main beam for the horizontal movement of the electric hoist or trolley. The flatness and wear resistance of the track are crucial to the operating stability of the equipment. The main beam is designed with reasonable mechanics to ensure uniform stress distribution during lifting, reduce deformation and stress concentration areas, and increase service life.

3) The main beam is usually made of high-strength steel to ensure its load-bearing capacity and bending resistance. Commonly used steel models include Q235B or Q345B, and the specific choice depends on the load-bearing requirements and working environment of the crane. The design load-bearing capacity of the main beam determines the rated lifting capacity of the crane, which is usually designed and verified according to the use requirements. The rigidity of the main beam determines the degree of deformation of the crane when lifting heavy objects, ensuring smooth operation under load.

 

Lifting System

The lifting system of a single-beam gantry crane is designed to efficiently handle lifting tasks while ensuring safety, stability, and ease of movement. The various components work together to lift, move, and lower loads of various capacities in industrial settings such as construction sites, warehouses, or shipping yards.

Motor: The motor of the lifting system of a single beam gantry crane is a critical component responsible for raising and lowering the load. This motor is typically connected to a drum or gear system, which in turn moves the lifting mechanism.

Reducer: The reducer (or gearbox) in a lifting system of a single beam gantry crane plays a crucial role in transmitting and controlling the power from the motor to the crane's hoisting mechanism. It adjusts the speed and torque to ensure efficient lifting and movement of loads.

Drum: The drum of the lifting system in a single beam gantry crane is a crucial component responsible for winding and unwinding the lifting rope or cable, which is used to lift and lower the load. It works in conjunction with the hoist mechanism to provide the necessary motion for lifting heavy objects.

Wire rope: The wire rope in the lifting system of a single-beam gantry crane plays a crucial role in the operation and safety of the crane. The wire rope is responsible for lifting and lowering the load. It connects the lifting mechanism (hook or lifting attachment) to the drum or winch. It needs to have high tensile strength to support heavy loads without breaking or stretching excessively.

Pulley block: A pulley block in the lifting system of a single beam gantry crane is a critical component used to guide and support the lifting ropes or cables. These pulleys help manage the load, reduce wear on the cables, and ensure smooth operation of the crane's lifting mechanism.

Lifting device: The lifting device of a single beam gantry crane (often referred to as the "hoist" or "lifting mechanism") is a critical component responsible for the actual lifting, lowering, and transportation of the load. The lifting device of a single beam gantry crane is a combination of various interconnected components that work together to lift and move loads safely and efficiently. Proper maintenance and regular inspection of these parts are essential for ensuring safe operation and preventing breakdowns.

 

3.End carriage

1) The "end carriage" of a single beam gantry crane refers to the part of the crane that supports the beam and allows it to move along the crane's tracks. It is a crucial component in the gantry crane system, as it houses the wheels or rollers that enable the crane to travel horizontally across a specific track or rail system, usually on the ground or at the top of a structure.

2) Wheels or Rollers are mounted on the end carriage and facilitate the movement of the crane along its rail track. The wheels may be motorized or manually controlled.The drive mechanism (e.g., electric motor, gearbox, and coupling) helps in moving the end carriage along the track. It controls the horizontal motion of the crane.The end carriage is typically a robust, welded steel structure designed to support the beam and the loads the crane is intended to handle. This structure ensures the stability of the crane during operation. The end carriage often integrates with the crane's overall control system, which may include a remote control, operator cabin, or automated control mechanisms.The end carriage helps transfer the loads of the crane and provides the necessary stability to prevent tipping, ensuring safe and efficient operation.

 

 

4.Crane travelling mechanism

1) Operation principle

Motor start: The operator starts the motor through the control system, and the motor starts to run.

Reducer operation: The motor reduces the speed through the reducer and increases the output torque.

Wheel rotation: The power is transmitted to the wheel through the transmission device, and the wheel rolls along the track to achieve the lateral movement of the crane.

Travel control: The operator can adjust the speed and direction of the crane manually or through the electronic control system to meet different operation requirements.

2) Functional characteristics

Movement and Mobility：Horizontal Movement: The crane traveling mechanism provides the horizontal movement of the entire crane along a defined path, typically along rails or tracks laid on the ground or on elevated structures.

Drive System：Electric Motor: The movement is generally powered by electric motors, which can be AC or DC motors, depending on the crane design and requirements.

Load Distribution: The wheels are arranged in a way that ensures even load distribution along the tracks to avoid overloading or excessive wear on specific parts.

Track Alignment and Stability:Track or Rail: The crane's traveling mechanism is supported by tracks or rails, which are installed on the ground or along the structure. These tracks guide the crane in a straight line and ensure proper alignment.

 

5.Trolley travelling mechanism

Work Principle

Drive Mechanism: The trolley's movement is powered by an electric motor connected to a gear mechanism. The motor transmits power to the wheels or rollers on the trolley, causing them to rotate and move the trolley along the beam.Guided Movement: The trolley is guided along the beam by rails or track wheels, ensuring the motion remains straight and controlled. The wheel assemblies typically include a combination of drive wheels and idler wheels (non-driven).Direction and Speed Control:The electric motor is usually controlled via a variable frequency drive (VFD) or an alternator system, which allows the operator to adjust the speed and direction of the trolley.The direction of travel is controlled by reversing the motor's polarity, and the speed can be adjusted through the VFD or by switching gears, depending on the crane's configuration.Load Handling: The trolley is typically attached to the lifting mechanism (hoist), which moves vertically. As the trolley moves along the beam, the hook or load it carries can be positioned precisely over the desired location.

Function

Horizontal Movement of the Trolley:The primary function of the trolley traveling mechanism is to move the trolley along the length of the crane's beam (horizontal movement). This allows the crane to position the load precisely in different locations along the beam's span.

Load Lifting and Positioning:As the trolley moves along the beam, it carries the hoisting mechanism (such as a hook or lifting device) to lift, lower, and position the load at different points. This movement allows for precise placement of the load at various points on the crane's rail system.

Support for Load Handling:The trolley ensures that the load is transported in a controlled and balanced manner. This helps in preventing swinging or unstable movements that could cause accidents or damage to the crane and load.

Controlled Speed and Smooth Operation:The traveling mechanism provides the ability to control the speed and smoothness of the trolley's movement. This is essential for safe and efficient load handling, especially when dealing with heavy or delicate loads.

 

6.Crane wheel

The crane wheel of a single beam gantry crane is a critical component that helps support and guide the movement of the crane along its track. It typically consists of a set of wheels attached to the crane's frame, allowing the entire gantry structure to move horizontally over the work area.

The wheels are often made from high-quality steel or forged steel to withstand heavy loads and provide durability.The wheels typically have a flanged design to keep the crane on its track, ensuring smooth and controlled movement along the beam. The wheels must be designed to support the entire weight of the gantry crane, including the crane frame, hoist, and the load being lifted.

Crane wheels are equipped with bearings to reduce friction and improve the efficiency of movement. Depending on the design, they could have roller bearings, spherical bearings, or tapered roller bearings.The size and dimensions of the wheels are determined by the total weight of the crane and its load capacity. Larger wheels are typically used for heavier cranes.The wheels need to be compatible with the type of track or rail system used for the crane, whether it's a standard rail or a custom-designed track.

Function:

Movement: Crane wheels allow the crane to travel horizontally along the beam, moving the hoist to different locations.

Load Distribution: The wheels distribute the load of the crane and the lifted load across the track system, helping to avoid excessive stress on any single part.

In a single beam gantry crane, the wheels typically move along a single horizontal beam, which is part of a larger gantry structure, and the crane can traverse an area to lift and move heavy objects efficiently.

7.Crane Hook

The crane hook of a single beam gantry crane is a critical component used to lift and lower loads. The crane hook of a single beam gantry crane is vital to the crane's ability to lift loads safely and efficiently. Ensuring it is the right type and is properly maintained is essential for safe crane operations.

Function of Crane Hook:

Lifting Load: The crane hook is the part that directly interacts with the load. It is used to lift and lower heavy items by attaching to slings, chains, or other rigging equipment.

Safety: It needs to have a secure attachment point for various lifting attachments, ensuring that the load stays safe during transportation.

Design Features:

Shape: The hook typically has a curved, C-shaped design with a large opening for hooking onto lifting slings or other rigging devices. It may have a latch or safety mechanism to prevent accidental release of the load.

Material: Crane hooks are generally made from high-strength steel to ensure they can withstand the heavy loads and stresses involved in lifting operations.

Size: The size of the hook depends on the lifting capacity of the gantry crane. Heavier cranes will use larger and more robust hooks.

Types of Hooks:

Plain Hook: This is the simplest design, just a curved steel hook without any additional features.

Safety Hook: Features a locking mechanism or latch to prevent the hook from releasing the load unexpectedly.

Swivel Hook: Allows for some rotational movement to help with load positioning and alignment.

Double Hook: Used for heavier loads, this consists of two hooks positioned to balance the load evenly.

Regular inspection for cracks, wear, and deformation is important to maintain safety. If a hook shows signs of significant wear, it may need to be replaced.Lubrication is sometimes required to ensure smooth operation, particularly in swiveling or rotating types of hooks. The hook's load capacity must match or exceed the crane's rated lifting capacity. The hook is usually rated based on the size, material, and design to handle specific weight ranges.

Motor

The motor of a single-beam gantry crane plays a crucial role in driving the hoisting, traveling, and sometimes slewing mechanisms of the crane.

Type of motor

1. Hoisting Motor

Function: Drives the lifting mechanism (hoist) to raise and lower loads.

Type: Typically, an electric motor is used for this function. Common choices include AC motors (asynchronous motors) or DC motors, depending on the need for precise speed control.

Power Rating: Depends on the load capacity and lifting speed of the crane. Generally, hoisting motors are designed for high torque.

Control: Often paired with a VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) for smooth speed regulation and energy efficiency.

2. Traveling Motor

Function: Drives the crane along the gantry rail (the horizontal movement).

Type: Usually AC induction motors, but for more precise control or higher performance, a DC motor or a servo motor may be used.

Power Rating: Varies based on the load and the speed required for traveling. In larger cranes, the traveling motor might have a higher power rating for moving heavy loads at higher speeds.

Control: Often integrated with a VFD or soft starter to adjust speeds and protect the motor from overload.

3. Slewing Motor (Optional for Cranes with Rotation)

Function: Enables rotation of the hoisting mechanism or the entire crane structure if the crane is designed for rotating.

Type: Typically, a servo motor or AC motor with gearing.

Control: Similar to traveling motors, slewing motors might include a VFD to offer fine control over speed and torque.

Motor Protection & Features

Overload Protection: Essential to prevent motor burnout in case of excessive load.

Thermal Protection: Prevents overheating of the motor.

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Sound and light alarm system & limit switch

1) Sound and light alarm system

Sound Alarm:Typically, a loud siren or buzzer is used to make a clear, attention-grabbing sound.Common sounds include continuous or intermittent beeps, or a horn.It is triggered when the crane starts or stops moving, or when a safety fault is detected.

Light Alarm:

A flashing light, often mounted on the crane, is used to signal changes in the crane's status.The light may be red, yellow, or green, with different colors indicating different statuses.

Red Light could indicate a critical issue or that the crane is in motion.

Yellow/Amber Light could signal caution or that the crane is nearing a position where it should stop.

Green Light might indicate safe operation or that the crane is idle.

2) Limit switch

Function of Limit Switches:

Overtravel Prevention: Limit switches stop the movement of the crane once it reaches its maximum or minimum travel limits. For example, when the trolley reaches the end of the beam or the hoist reaches its highest or lowest position, the limit switch ensures that further motion is halted.Type: The upper limit switch is used to limit the operation of the crane when it is raised to the maximum height to prevent the lifting parts from colliding with the ceiling or other obstacles. The lower limit switch is used to limit the operation of the crane when it is lowered to the lowest position to avoid equipment damage or material falling. The side limit switch is used to limit the lateral movement of the trolley to ensure the stable operation of the crane on the track.

Types of Limit Switches:

Mechanical Limit Switches: These are the most common, using a mechanical actuator to open or close electrical contacts when the moving part physically touches the switch.

Proximity Limit Switches: These use magnetic or inductive sensing to detect the position of a target object without physical contact, providing longer life and fewer maintenance requirements.

Rotary Limit Switches: Used to monitor the rotation of parts such as the crane's trolley or hoist drum.

10.Safety Devices

1. Overload Protection Device

Purpose: Prevents the crane from lifting loads that exceed its rated capacity.

2. Limit Switches

Purpose: Prevents the crane from moving beyond its designed travel limits.

3. Emergency Stop (E-Stop)

Purpose: Provides a quick way to stop all crane operations in the event of an emergency.

4. Anti-Sway System

Purpose: Reduces the swinging motion of the load during hoisting and traveling, improving safety and precision.

5. Braking System

Purpose: Ensures controlled and safe stopping of the crane and prevents unintended movement.

6. Warning Lights and Alarms

Purpose: Warns nearby workers and the crane operator of potential hazards.

7. Crane Load Indicator

Purpose: Displays the current load being lifted to ensure it is within safe limits.

8. Rotation Limiters

Purpose: Prevents the crane from rotating or turning too far, which can cause damage or instability.

9. Wind Speed Monitoring System

Purpose: Ensures crane operation is suspended in unsafe weather conditions.

10. Emergency Power Supply

Purpose: Provides power in case of a main power failure to allow safe shutdown or movement to a secure position.

11. Electrical Safety Cutoffs

Purpose: Prevents electrical hazards, such as short circuits or faults.

12. Operator Safety Cabin

Purpose: Protects the crane operator from potential hazards during operation.

13. Structural Monitoring

Purpose: Monitors the crane's structural health and identifies potential issues.

14. Inspection and Maintenance Indicators

Purpose: Alerts the operator when routine maintenance or inspections are due.

15. Foot/Hand Protection Devices

Purpose: To ensure operator and workers' safety when working on or near the crane.

11.Control Mode

1. Manual Control (Cabin Control)

Operator Station: The crane is operated manually from a control cabin located on the crane or from a remote panel.

Functions: The operator controls the movement of the gantry, hoist, trolley, and other functions using joysticks, buttons, or levers..

2. Radio Remote Control

Wireless Control: The operator uses a handheld radio remote control to operate the crane from a distance.

Functions: The remote control typically has buttons or joysticks to control movements such as the hoisting, lowering, and moving of the crane along the tracks.

3. Automatic Control (Fully Automated Systems)

Automated Operations: In this mode, the crane can perform operations automatically, such as moving a load from one point to another without manual intervention.

Functions: The crane's movements are controlled by a pre-programmed logic system, often utilizing sensors, cameras, and other monitoring tools to ensure accuracy and safety.

4. Semi-Automatic Control

Operator Assistance: The crane can be partially automated, meaning the operator may guide the crane, but certain actions (like lifting or positioning loads) are automated.

Functions: This mode often involves preset routines or automated safety features, but the operator may still be required to make certain adjustments during operation.

5. Pendant Control

Wired Control: A pendant (often attached to a cable) is used to control the crane. The pendant allows the operator to stand near the crane, giving them a better view and control.

Functions: Similar to manual control but with an added advantage of the operator being able to move freely within a certain range to operate the crane.

6. Load Sway Control / Anti-Sway Control

Load Stabilization: Some advanced cranes have load sway control systems integrated, which help to reduce load swinging during operation.

Functions: By automatically adjusting crane movements, the control system helps prevent the load from swaying excessively, improving safety and precision.

7. Bridge and Trolley Control

Independent or Combined Control: The operator can control the movement of the bridge (horizontal direction) and the trolley (vertical direction) separately or combined depending on the crane's design.

Functions: This allows fine control over the crane's positioning and handling of loads, ensuring it can operate smoothly in narrow spaces or with specific load requirements.

8. Joystick Control

Precise Control: Joysticks or other precision controls (like knobs or touchpads) are often used in more advanced systems for finer, smoother movements.

Functions: Allows the operator to finely tune crane movements in real-time, typically used in cabin or remote control configurations.

Suitability: Best for high-precision tasks where the movement of the crane needs to be very specific.

9. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) Integration

Advanced Control: Many modern gantry cranes use a PLC system to control all aspects of crane operation, providing highly automated and precise management of tasks.

Functions: PLC systems allow for automated processes, real-time monitoring, and integration with broader logistics or industrial control systems.

Sketch

 

 

Main technical

 

 

1. Cost-Effectiveness

Lower Initial Investment: Compared to double beam gantry cranes, single beam cranes require less material and labor, making them more affordable.

Reduced Maintenance Costs: The simpler design results in fewer components, which translates to lower maintenance and repair costs.

2. Simpler Design

Lightweight Structure: The lighter construction reduces the load on the supporting structure, allowing for installation in areas with limited load-bearing capacity.

Ease of Installation: The crane's straightforward design makes it quicker and easier to assemble and disassemble.

3. Flexibility and Adaptability

Space Efficiency: Single beam gantry cranes are ideal for environments with space constraints, as they occupy less headroom and floor space.

Wide Application Range: Suitable for indoor and outdoor use, handling loads in workshops, warehouses, construction sites, and shipyards.

4. Ease of Operation

User-Friendly Controls: Operators often find single beam gantry cranes easier to use due to their simplicity and fewer complex mechanisms.

Smooth Handling: Designed for moderate loads, these cranes ensure efficient and precise material handling.

5. Versatility

Customizable Options: They can be tailored to specific requirements, such as lifting capacity, span length, and lifting height.

Mobility: Certain single beam gantry cranes come with wheels or tracks, enabling easy relocation within a worksite.

6. Energy Efficiency

Lower Power Consumption: The smaller motor and lightweight design result in reduced energy usage compared to larger, more complex cranes.

7. Safety

Enhanced Stability for Light to Medium Loads: Designed to handle moderate loads safely, reducing risks associated with overloading.

 

 

1. Manufacturing and Assembly Workshops

Used for lifting and moving heavy components during manufacturing and assembly processes.

Common in industries such as automotive, machinery, and equipment manufacturing.

2. Warehousing and Logistics

Suitable for loading and unloading goods in warehouses, particularly where space is limited or not suitable for permanent overhead cranes.

Helps in organizing and transporting goods efficiently.

3. Construction Sites

Utilized for handling construction materials like steel beams, concrete blocks, and other heavy components.

Its portability makes it an excellent choice for temporary use on construction projects.

4. Shipyards and Ports

Ideal for lifting and moving ship parts, containers, and heavy loads in shipyards and dockyards.

Often used in maintenance and assembly areas where precision and mobility are critical.

5. Maintenance and Repair

Perfect for workshops that require occasional lifting, such as engine repair or equipment maintenance.

Often equipped with a hoist for precise movement and positioning.

6. Outdoor Material Handling

Commonly used in storage yards for materials like steel, lumber, or pipes.

Weather-resistant models can handle outdoor conditions effectively.

7. Light and Medium Duty Industrial Operations

Often employed in industries requiring light to medium lifting capacities, such as textiles, food processing, and electronics assembly.

 

 

1. Design and Planning

Requirement Analysis: Identify client requirements, such as lifting capacity, span, height, and working environment.Conceptual Design: Create a conceptual layout of the crane, including the main girder, legs, hoist, trolley, and end carriages.Detailed Engineering: Use CAD software to develop detailed technical drawings and specifications.Material Selection: Choose materials such as high-quality structural steel and other components based on strength, durability, and environmental conditions.Approval and Documentation: Finalize designs and submit for client approval and regulatory compliance.

2. Procurement of Raw Materials

Source structural steel plates, H-beams, electrical components, motors, and hoists from certified suppliers.Inspect raw materials for compliance with quality standards.

3. Fabrication

Cutting: Use CNC machines, plasma cutters, or laser cutting machines to shape steel components.Welding: Weld components like the main girder, legs, and supports using automatic or manual welding methods.Ensure high-quality welding to meet ISO or ASME standards.Machining: Machine critical components, such as rail tracks or connections, for precise tolerances.Pre-assembly: Temporarily assemble components to check alignment and ensure proper fit.

4. Quality Inspection (Fabrication Stage)

Conduct non-destructive testing (NDT) on welds, such as ultrasonic or X-ray inspections.Dimensional inspection to verify design specifications.Material hardness and tensile strength tests, if necessary.

5. Surface Treatment

Shot Blasting: Clean steel surfaces to remove rust and improve paint adhesion.Priming and Painting: Apply anti-corrosion primer and final paint layers. Use weather-resistant coatings for outdoor cranes.

6. Electrical and Mechanical Assembly

Install electrical systems, such as motors, wiring, and control panels.Attach hoists, trolleys, and other mechanical components to the main structure.Fit and secure end carriages and wheels.

7. Final Assembly

Assemble all major components, including the main beam, supporting legs, hoist, and end trucks.Install and align the gantry tracks for smooth operation.

8. Testing and Calibration

Conduct load tests to verify lifting capacity and ensure safety.Perform operational tests, including hoist and trolley movement, braking systems, and speed controls.Calibrate electronic systems for accuracy and safety compliance.

9. Packaging and Delivery

Disassemble large components for easier transportation if necessary.Pack components securely to prevent damage during transit.Provide a detailed installation manual and spare parts list.

10. Installation and Commissioning

Install the crane at the client site, ensuring proper alignment and secure anchoring.Conduct on-site tests, including final load and safety tests.Provide operational training for the client's personnel.

11. After-Sales Service

Offer routine maintenance services and provide technical support.Provide spare parts and upgrades based on client requirements.

Workshop view:

The company has installed an intelligent equipment management platform, and has installed 310 sets (sets) of handling and welding robots. After the completion of the plan, there will be more than 500 sets (sets), and the equipment networking rate will reach 95%. 32 welding lines have been put into use, 50 are planned to be installed, and the automation rate of the entire product line has reached 85%.