Cranes are used to lift heavy objects, so safe operation is very important. If there is a problem in the operation, the consequences are unimaginable, so whenever you operate the crane, you must pay attention to the safety of the operation.
The crane shall be operated by a full-time driver who has been specially trained and qualified to obtain a special operation operation certificate and has been assessed by the safety and environmental management department to obtain a job certificate, and the crane driver shall operate the lifting machinery corresponding to the operation certificate.
The crane driver shall strictly follow the maintenance plan formulated by the site for daily maintenance work, every day before and after work inspection, maintenance, work content, shift handover should be truthfully filled in the construction machinery operation maintenance record.
Newly installed, overhauled or changed important performance of the lifting machinery, before use must be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the crane performance test load test. It can be put into use only after passing the test and going through the relevant procedures and safety approval certificate.
The crane driver must carry out daily inspection before and after the shift in strict accordance with the provisions of the "Lifting Machinery Safety Supervision Management System", and confirm that the crane can start to work without any faults and hidden dangers.
The crane driver and lifting command personnel should be in contact with a variety of prescribed gestures or signals. In the operation, the driver should cooperate closely with the lifting command and obey the command signal. However, when the lifting operation is in danger, no matter who sends the emergency stop signal, the driver should stop immediately.
After receiving the lifting signal from the command personnel, the driver must first sound the signal and then act. When lifting heavy objects, you should first leave the ground to interview the crane, and continue to lift after confirming that the heavy objects are firmly hung, the braking performance is good and the crane is stable.
When lifting heavy objects, the hook wire rope should be kept vertical, and the hook wire rope should be prohibited from dragging the suspended heavy objects in the inclined state. When the hook has been hung but the lifting weight has not been lifted, it is forbidden to move the crane or rotate.
When lifting and rotating heavy objects, the speed should be even and smooth, so as to avoid the danger of heavy objects swinging in the air. When putting down heavy objects, the speed should not be too fast to prevent heavy objects from falling suddenly and being damaged. When lifting long and large heavy objects, there should be a special person to pull the rope to prevent accidents caused by the swing of heavy objects.
When the crane is working, personnel unrelated to the lifting operation are strictly prohibited from staying on the crane.
Crane drivers in the operation process, should adhere to the "ten no hanging" principle:
More than the rated load of lifting machinery does not lift;
Insufficient lighting, unclear command signal or non-command personnel command not hanging;
The sling and accessories are not tightly bound and do not meet the safety requirements;
Crane suspension heavy objects directly processed without hanging;
Crooked pull oblique pull not hanging;
Flammable, explosive dangerous goods, no safety ticket, no safety measures do not hang;
People standing on the workpiece or live animals floating on the workpiece are not suspended;
The edges and corners and cutting edges are not taken to prevent the wear of the wire rope.
Buried in the ground or the weight of the object is not suspended;
Field operations encountered heavy snow, thunderstorms, six or more strong winds do not hang.
11. The crane driver shall comply with the following technical requirements when operating:
Shall not use the limit position limiter parking;
The brake of the lifting and amplitude changing mechanism shall not be adjusted under load;
When hoisting, it shall not pass above people, and no one shall be under the lifting arm;
Inspection and maintenance shall not be carried out when the crane is working;
when the lifting weight is close to or reaches the rated lifting capacity, the brake should be checked before lifting, and after a small height, short stroke test lifting, and then smoothly lifting;
No drop limit position limiter crane, hook at the lowest working position, the steel wire rope on the drum must maintain the design requirements of the number of safety rings;
When the crane is working, the minimum distance between the boom, spreader, auxiliary equipment, steel wire rope, cable wind rope and heavy objects and the power line should not be less than the provisions in the following table.
Minimum distance from power lines
Transmission line voltage V(kV) < 1 1--35 ≥60
Minimum distance (m) 1.5 3 0.01(V-50)+3
Mobile crane, before work should be in accordance with the requirements of the manual to level the stopping site, firmly and reliably play the legs;
The crane without reverse braking performance, except for special emergencies, shall not be used to brake the reverse car.
12, In the construction, the following circumstances must first handle the safety operation ticket, formulate safety technical measures, the construction technology person in charge of the scene command:
1,Lifting weight to 90% of the rated load of lifting machinery and above;
2, Lifting precision objects or lifting large parts that are not easy to lift, or large parts in complex places;
3. Lifting machinery works under or near the transmission line;
4, Two and more than two lifting machinery lifting the same object;
5, Explosives, dangerous goods must be lifted.
13. When two or more lifting machines lift the same object:
1. The load should be distributed proportionally according to the allowable lifting weight of each crane when tying;
2, In the lifting process, the hook rope of each crane should be kept vertical, lifting, walking should be kept synchronized; The load borne by each crane shall not exceed 80% of its rated capacity.
14,There are two sets of lifting mechanisms of the crane, the main and auxiliary hooks shall not be started at the same time. However, with the exception of special cranes designed to allow simultaneous use, and comply with Article 13.
15, The crane is strictly prohibited to operate three actions at the same time, in the case of close to the rated load, not to operate two actions at the same time. The boom crane is strictly prohibited from lowering the boom when it is close to the rated load.
16, Without the consent of the company's mechanical management department, lifting machinery institutions and devices shall not be changed or replaced.
