Precautions for laying crane tracks
Before installing the crane, the crane rail must be installed first. As the rail is a base, its installation quality directly affects the operation quality of the crane. The installation of the track should fully consider the geological conditions of the on-site usage environment and its bearing capacity. At the same time, the track should have a good grounding wire to ensure electrical safety. The general installation method is as follows:
1. The top of the crane rail is convex, and the bottom is a flat plate with a certain width, which increases the contact surface with the foundation. The cross-section of the track is mostly I-shaped, with good bending strength. Square steel can be regarded as a flat top steel rail due to its high wear on the wheels. Metallurgical cranes are generally only used for cranes with small lifting capacity, slow operating speed, and infrequent work.
2. The joint seam of the crane rail is generally one to two millimeters. In cold regions or when the temperature during installation is lower than the normal operating temperature and the difference is more than 20 degrees Celsius, temperature compensation gaps should be considered, with a suitable range of four to six millimeters. The joint of the track can be a straight head or a 45 degree angled diagonal joint, which allows the wheels to smoothly transition at the joint.
The lateral displacement and height difference of the two tracks at the joint shall not exceed one millimeter. The sequence of welding track joints is from bottom to top, starting from the bottom of the track and then the waist and head of the track, layer by layer and repairing the surrounding area. When welding the track joints, set up temporary fixtures to fix the steel rails for welding.
3. When welding, one welding rod should be used to complete each layer of welding waves at the bottom of the welding track, and the middle should avoid using welding rods to break the arc. The welding direction of the front and rear layers of welding waves should be opposite. The welding work of each track joint should be carried out continuously. To keep the rail end welded at a higher temperature.
4. After welding and before cooling after stress heat treatment, it is necessary to prevent rainwater and other moisture from getting wet; The heated copper plate can be removed and cooled by dipping it in water for future use. When the welding protrusion is too large, use a grinding wheel grinder to polish it until it is flush with the rail head, and then polish the surface. 5. The spacing between tracks should be adjusted according to the span size of the gantry crane. The longitudinal slope of the track is not allowed to exceed one percent. If it exceeds this value, the driving power of the large vehicle and the stability of the whole machine should be tested. If it does not meet the requirements, the slope of the track should be corrected. Only after meeting this requirement can it be put into use.
